Zeziphi iintlobo zeebhetri zemoto yamandla amatsha?

Iibhetri ze-lead-asidi, njengeteknoloji ekhulileyo, isekuphela kweebhetri zezithuthi zombane eziveliswe ngobuninzi ngenxa yeendleko zabo eziphantsi kunye nezinga eliphezulu lokukhutshwa. Nangona kunjalo, amandla athile, amandla athile kunye noxinano lwamandla eebhetri ze-lead-acid ziphantsi kakhulu, kwaye isithuthi sombane esinale nto njengomthombo wamandla asinakuba nesantya esihle kunye noluhlu lokuqhuba.

2, iibhetri zenickel-cadmium kunye neebhetri zenickel-metal hydride

Ibhetri ye-nickel-cadmium (ehlala ishunqulelwa i-NiCd, ebizwa ngokuthi “nye-cad”) luhlobo oludumileyo lwebhetri yokugcina. Ibhetri isebenzisa i-nickel hydroxide (NiOH) kunye ne-cadmium metal (Cd) njengeekhemikhali zokuvelisa umbane. Nangona ukusebenza kubhetele kuneebhetri ze-lead-asidi, ziqulethe iintsimbi ezinzima kwaye zingcolise imo engqongileyo emva kokulahlwa.

Ibhetri ye-nickel-cadmium inokuphinda iphindwe ngaphezu kwamaxesha angama-500 entlawulo kunye nokukhutshwa, uqoqosho kunye nokuqina. Ukuchasana kwayo kwangaphakathi kuncinci, kungekuphela nje ukuchasana kwangaphakathi kuncinci, kunokuhlawuliswa ngokukhawuleza, kodwa kunokubonelela ngokukhoyo okukhulu kumthwalo, kwaye utshintsho lombane luncinci kakhulu xa lukhupha, lufanelekile kakhulu ibhetri yombane weDC. Xa kuthelekiswa nezinye iintlobo zeebhetri, iibhetri ze-nickel-cadmium zinokumelana ne-overcharge okanye i-overdischarge.

Iibhetri ze-nickel-metal hydride zenziwe ngee-ion ze-hydrogen kunye ne-nickel yensimbi, indawo yokugcina amandla i-30% ngaphezu kweebhetri ze-nickel-cadmium, ilula kuneebhetri ze-nickel-cadmium, ubomi obude benkonzo, kwaye akukho ngcoliseko kwendalo, kodwa ixabiso likhulu kakhulu. Ixabiso eliphezulu kunebhetri yenickel-cadmium.

3, ibhetri ye-lithium

Ibhetri ye-lithium yiklasi yensimbi ye-lithium okanye i-lithium alloy njengento engafanelekanga ye-electrode, ukusetyenziswa kwesisombululo se-electrolyte esingenamanzi sebhetri. Iibhetri zeLithium zinokwahlulwa ngokubanzi zibe ngamacandelo amabini: iibhetri zetsimbi ye-lithium kunye neebhetri ze-lithium ion. Ibhetri ye-lithium-ion ayinayo i-lithium kwimeko yesinyithi kwaye iyatshajwa kwakhona.

Iibhetri zetsimbi ye-lithium ngokuqhelekileyo ziibhetri ezisebenzisa i-manganese dioxide njengento ephilileyo ye-electrode, isinyithi se-lithium okanye isinyithi sayo se-alloy njengento engafanelekanga ye-electrode, kwaye isebenzise izisombululo ze-electrolyte ezingenamanzi. Ukubunjwa kwezinto eziphathekayo zebhetri ye-lithium ikakhulu: izinto ezintle ze-electrode, izinto ezingalunganga ze-electrode, i-diaphragm, i-electrolyte.

Phakathi kwezinto ze-cathode, izinto ezisetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo ziyi-lithium cobaltate, i-lithium manganate, i-lithium iron phosphate kunye nezinto ze-ternary (i-nickel-cobalt-manganese polymers). Izinto eziphathekayo ze-electrode zithatha umlinganiselo omkhulu (umlinganiselo wobunzima bezinto ezintle kunye ne-electrode engalunganga yi-3: 1 ~ 4: 1), kuba ukusebenza kwezinto ezilungileyo ze-electrode kuchaphazela ngokuthe ngqo ukusebenza kwebhetri ye-lithium-ion, kunye neendleko zayo. imisela ngokuthe ngqo ixabiso lebhetri.

Phakathi kwezinto ezingalunganga ze-electrode, izinto zangoku ezingalunganga ze-electrode ziyi-graphite yendalo kunye negraphite yokwenziwa. Izinto ze-anode eziphononongwayo zi-nitrides, i-PAS, i-tin-based oxides, i-tin alloys, imathiriyeli ye-nano-anode, kunye nezinye iikhompawundi ze-intermetallic. Njengenye yezinto ezine eziphambili zeebhetri ze-lithium, izinto ze-electrode ezingalunganga zidlala indima ebalulekileyo ekuphuculeni umthamo webhetri kunye nokusebenza komjikelo, kwaye zisembindini wokufikelela okuphakathi kwishishini lebhetri ye-lithium.

4. Iiseli zamafutha

I-Fuel Cell yinkqubo engatshisi isixhobo sokuguqula amandla e-electrochemical. Amandla ekhemikhali yehydrogen (amanye amafutha) kunye neoksijini iguqulwa ngokuqhubekayo ibe ngumbane. Umgaqo osebenzayo kukuba i-H2 i-oxidized ibe yi-H + kunye ne-e- phantsi kwesenzo se-anode catalyst, i-H + ifikelela kwi-electrode efanelekileyo nge-membrane yokutshintshiselana kweproton, isabela nge-O2 ukwenza amanzi kwi-cathode, kwaye i-e-ifikelela kwi-cathode ngokusebenzisa isekethe yangaphandle, kunye nempendulo eqhubekayo ivelisa yangoku. Nangona i-fuel cell inegama elithi "ibhetri", ayisosixhobo sokugcina amandla ngendlela eqhelekileyo, kodwa sisixhobo sokuvelisa amandla, owona mahluko mkhulu phakathi kweeseli zepetroli kunye neebhetri zemveli.

Ukuvavanya ukudinwa kunye nexesha lokuphila kweebhetri, inkampani yethu isebenzisa izixhobo ezahlukeneyo zovavanyo ezifana negumbi lovavanyo lobushushu kunye nokufuma, igumbi lokuvavanya ukothuka kwe-thermal, igumbi lokuvavanya ukuguga kwesibane se-xenon, kunye negumbi lovavanyo lokuguga le-UV.

Igumbi lovavanyo lobushushu kunye nokufuma rhoqo: Esi sixhobo sibonelela ngobushushu obulawulwayo kunye neemeko zokufuma ukulinganisa iimeko ezahlukeneyo zokusingqongileyo. Ngokubeka iibhetri kuvavanyo lwexesha elide phantsi kweemeko ezahlukeneyo zokushisa kunye nomswakama, sinokuvavanya ukuzinza kwazo kunye nokutshintsha komsebenzi.

Igumbi lokuvavanya ukothuka kwe-Thermal: Eli gumbi lilinganisa utshintsho olukhawulezayo lobushushu ezinokufunyanwa ziibhetri ngexesha lokusebenza. Ngokubonisa iibhetri kwiinguqu ezinzulu zokushisa, ezifana nokuguquka ngokukhawuleza ukusuka phezulu ukuya kumaqondo aphantsi, sinokuvavanya ukusebenza kwabo kunye nokuthembeka phantsi kokutshintsha kweqondo lokushisa.

Igumbi lokuvavanya ukuguga kwesibane se-Xenon: Esi sixhobo siphindaphinda iimeko zokukhanya kwelanga ngokubeka iibhetri kwimitha yokukhanya ebukhali evela kwizibane ze-xenon. Olu linganiso lunceda ekuvavanyeni ukuthotywa kokusebenza kwebhetri kunye nokuqina xa sisesichengeni sokukhanya ixesha elide.

Igumbi lovavanyo lokwaluphala kwe-UV: Eli gumbi lilinganisa imeko yemitha ye-ultraviolet. Ngokubeka iibhetri phantsi kokuvezwa kokukhanya kwe-UV, sinokulinganisa ukusebenza kwazo kunye nokuqina phantsi kweemeko zokuvezwa kwe-UV ixesha elide.
Ukusebenzisa indibaniselwano yezi zixhobo zokuvavanya kuvumela ukudinwa okubanzi kunye novavanyo olupheleleyo lwebhetri. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba ngaphambi kokwenza olu mvavanyo, kubalulekile ukuthobela izikhokelo zokhuseleko ezifanelekileyo kwaye ulandele ngokungqongqo imiyalelo yokusebenza yesixhobo sovavanyo ukuqinisekisa iinkqubo zovavanyo ezichanekileyo nezikhuselekileyo.