Menene nau'ikan sabbin batir abin hawa makamashi?

Batirin gubar-acid, a matsayin fasahar balagagge, har yanzu batir ne kawai don kera motocin lantarki da yawa saboda ƙarancin farashi da yawan fitarwa. Duk da haka, ƙayyadaddun makamashi, ƙayyadaddun ƙarfi da ƙarfin ƙarfin ƙarfin batirin gubar-acid suna da ƙasa sosai, kuma motar lantarki tare da wannan a matsayin tushen wutar lantarki ba zai iya samun kyakkyawan gudu da kewayon tuki ba.

2, batirin nickel-cadmium da baturan hydride na nickel-metal

Baturi nickel-cadmium (wanda aka fi sani da NiCd, mai suna “nye-cad”) sanannen nau’in baturi ne na ajiya. Batirin yana amfani da nickel hydroxide (NiOH) da cadmium karfe (Cd) a matsayin sinadarai don samar da wutar lantarki. Kodayake aikin ya fi batirin gubar-acid kyau, suna ɗauke da ƙarfe masu nauyi kuma suna ƙazantar da muhalli bayan an yi watsi da su.

Ana iya maimaita baturin Nickel-cadmium fiye da sau 500 na caji da fitarwa, tattalin arziki da dorewa. Juriya na ciki kadan ne, ba kawai juriya na ciki ba ne, ana iya caji da sauri, amma kuma yana iya samar da babban ruwa don ɗaukar nauyi, kuma canjin ƙarfin lantarki yana da ƙanƙanta sosai lokacin fitarwa, babban baturi ne na samar da wutar lantarki na DC. Idan aka kwatanta da sauran nau'ikan batura, batir nickel-cadmium na iya jure yawan caji ko fitar da kaya.

Batirin nickel-metal hydride sun ƙunshi ions hydrogen da nickel na ƙarfe, ajiyar wutar lantarki shine 30% fiye da batir nickel-cadmium, haske fiye da batir na nickel-cadmium, tsawon rayuwar sabis, kuma babu gurɓata muhalli, amma farashin yana da yawa. tsada fiye da batura nickel-cadmium.

3, batirin lithium

Baturin lithium aji ne na ƙarfe na lithium ko alloy na lithium azaman abu mara kyau na lantarki, amfani da maganin batir ɗin da ba mai ruwa ba. Ana iya raba batirin lithium gabaɗaya zuwa kashi biyu: Batirin ƙarfe na lithium da baturan lithium ion. Batura lithium-ion ba su ƙunshi lithium a cikin yanayin ƙarfe kuma ana iya yin caji.

Batura na ƙarfe na Lithium gabaɗaya batir ne waɗanda ke amfani da manganese dioxide azaman ingantaccen kayan lantarki, ƙarfe na lithium ko ƙarfensa a matsayin kayan lantarki mara kyau, kuma suna amfani da mafita marasa ruwa. Abubuwan abun da ke ciki na baturin lithium shine yafi: kayan lantarki mai kyau, kayan lantarki mara kyau, diaphragm, electrolyte.

Daga cikin kayan cathode, kayan da aka fi amfani dasu sune lithium cobaltate, lithium manganate, lithium iron phosphate da kayan ternary (nickel-cobalt-manganese polymers). Abubuwan da aka yi amfani da su na lantarki sun mamaye babban rabo (yawan rabon kayan lantarki masu kyau da marasa kyau shine 3: 1 ~ 4: 1), saboda aikin ingantaccen kayan lantarki yana rinjayar aikin baturin lithium-ion, da farashinsa. kai tsaye yana ƙayyade farashin baturin.

Daga cikin kayan lantarki mara kyau, kayan lantarki mara kyau na yanzu sune graphite na halitta da graphite na wucin gadi. Abubuwan anode da ake bincika sune nitrides, PAS, oxides na tushen tin, tin alloys, kayan nano-anode, da wasu mahaɗan tsaka-tsaki. A matsayin daya daga cikin manyan abubuwa guda hudu na batir lithium, kayan lantarki mara kyau suna taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen inganta karfin batir da aikin sake zagayowar, kuma suna tsakiyar tsakiyar masana'antar batirin lithium.

4. Kwayoyin mai

Cellular Fuel shine na'urar musanya makamashin da ba ta konewa ba. The sinadaran makamashi na hydrogen (sauran man fetur) da oxygen ne ci gaba da juya zuwa wutar lantarki. Ka'idar aiki ita ce H2 an oxidized cikin H + kuma e- ƙarƙashin aikin mai haɓakawa na anode, H + ya kai ga ingantacciyar lantarki ta hanyar membrane na musayar proton, yana amsawa tare da O2 don samar da ruwa a cathode, kuma ya isa ga cathode ta hanyar waje kewaye, da kuma ci gaba da dauki ya haifar da halin yanzu. Duk da cewa tantanin mai yana da kalmar "batir", amma ba na'urar ajiyar makamashi ba ce a ma'anar gargajiya, amma na'urar samar da wutar lantarki, wanda shine babban bambanci tsakanin ƙwayoyin mai da batura na gargajiya.

Don gwada gajiya da tsawon rayuwar batura, kamfaninmu yana amfani da kayan gwaji daban-daban kamar ɗakin gwajin zafin jiki akai-akai da zafi, ɗakin gwajin girgizar zafi, ɗakin gwajin tsufa na fitilar xenon, da ɗakin gwajin tsufa na UV.

Zazzabi na dindindin da ɗakin gwajin zafi: Wannan kayan aikin yana ba da yanayin zafi mai sarrafawa da yanayin zafi don daidaita yanayin yanayi daban-daban. Ta hanyar ƙaddamar da batura zuwa gwaji na dogon lokaci a ƙarƙashin yanayi daban-daban na yanayin zafi da zafi, za mu iya tantance kwanciyar hankali da canje-canjen aikinsu.

Wurin gwajin girgiza mai zafi: Wannan ɗakin yana siffanta saurin canje-canjen zafin jiki waɗanda batura za su iya fuskanta yayin aiki. Ta hanyar fallasa batura zuwa matsanancin yanayin zafin jiki, kamar saurin canzawa daga babban yanayin zafi zuwa ƙananan zafi, zamu iya kimanta aikinsu da amincin su a ƙarƙashin canjin yanayin zafi.

dakin gwajin tsufa na fitilar Xenon: Wannan kayan aiki yana kwatankwacin yanayin hasken rana ta hanyar fallasa batura zuwa tsananin haske daga fitilun xenon. Wannan simintin yana taimakawa tantance lalacewar aikin baturi da dorewa lokacin da aka fallasa shi ga tsawaita hasken haske.

Gidan gwajin tsufa na UV: Wannan ɗakin yana kwaikwayon yanayin hasken ultraviolet. Ta hanyar ƙaddamar da batura zuwa hasken UV, za mu iya kwaikwayi aikinsu da dorewa a ƙarƙashin yanayin bayyanar UV mai tsawo.
Yin amfani da haɗin waɗannan kayan aikin gwaji yana ba da damar cikakken gajiya da gwajin rayuwa na batura. Yana da mahimmanci a lura cewa kafin gudanar da waɗannan gwaje-gwaje, yana da mahimmanci a bi ƙa'idodin aminci masu dacewa da bin ƙa'idodin aiki na kayan gwaji don tabbatar da ingantattun hanyoyin gwaji masu aminci.